El Niño and ENSO

for that point in the season · Sept. 12

“Overall Atlantic activity, measured by the number, strength and duration of storms, was also at a post-1950 record low, according to Colorado State University hurricane expert Phil Klotzbach. Activity was only 7% of normal for that point in the season.”

KCCI and 1 other article

“Eastern Pacific activity was nearly double normal, with storms lasting much longer than usual, while central Pacific activity was about 40% above normal.”

KCCI and 1 other article

localized

“The event has been fueled by strong oceanic Kelvin waves, which transported subsurface heat eastward along the equatorial Pacific thermocline. These waves deepened the thermocline and weakened the upwelling of cold water. NOAA reported subsurface temperatures more than 8°C above climatological values at depths of roughly 50–150 meters, with localized anomalies reaching 10°C.”

Tech Times

Galápagos coral records compared with modern observations

“Cole and colleagues reconstructed past El Niño events using coral skeletons from the Galápagos, whose annual growth records past environmental conditions. Comparing roughly 1,000 years of records with modern observations, they found that modern El Niños are significantly stronger than those of the preindustrial era.”

WWNO

since 2015

“Disaster assistance requests have risen from an average of two a year between 1985 and 2015 to 10 a year since 2015.”

Civil Eats