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Last Update: 10/26/2026 at 11:33 PM EST
Indonesia’s Energy Transition
Coverage from tanahair.net, Dialogue Earth, and others
Indonesia’s energy transition involves a persistent tension between efforts to reduce coal dependence and plans to expand energy-intensive industry.
Aluminum and alumina development illustrates the issue: proposed smelters may rely on captive coal plants, including projects linked to Chinese investment, while hydropower offers a lower-carbon but slower and more costly alternative. The debate connects industrial policy and critical-mineral supply chains with greenhouse-gas emissions, air pollution, community health, and pressure on bauxite reserves, particularly in Sulawesi. It also raises questions about whether transition-oriented industries can expand without reinforcing fossil-fuel dependence.
Looking Back
270 Day Timeline
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All Articles22 articles
Important
Indonesia expanded captive coal capacity for nickel processing to 19.3 gigawatts by July 2025, challenging the country's 2060 net-zero transition.
9/15/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Residents in Central Sulawesi and North Maluku reported pollution, health impacts, livelihood losses, and relocation pressures from nickel-linked captive coal expansion during 2024 and 2025.
9/14/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia added 4.5 GW of operational captive coal capacity between July 2024 and July 2025, largely for industrial facilities including nickel processors.
1/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Environmental organizations found that Indonesia's expanding biomass industry is clearing natural forests and threatening Indigenous communities and biodiversity as Japanese imports increased in 2025.
9/13/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia expanded captive coal capacity for nickel processing by 4.5 gigawatts between July 2024 and July 2025, mainly in Central Sulawesi and North Maluku.
9/21/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Since 2024, Indonesian nickel operators have expanded captive coal power around industrial sites in Sulawesi and North Maluku, intensifying reported community health, livelihood, and environmental costs.
9/7/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Mongabay reports in January 2026 on PT Vale Indonesias nickel mining expansion in Sulawesi, noting no coverage of heat pump technologies or policies.
1/29/2026 • Climate Science & Impacts • General
In 2026, Indonesia's Deputy Minister Yuliot outlined an energy roadmap combining renewable expansion, B50 biodiesel, increased oil production, and continued coal use at a G20 meeting in Texas.
9/17/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Interesting
On September 23, 2026, Indonesia's Environment Minister Moh Jumhur Hidayat presented the country's climate actions and finance priorities at United Nations Headquarters in New York ahead of COP31.
9/27/2026 • Policy, Politics & Governance • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelters in 2025-2030 to capture supply displaced by Middle Eastern disruptions, raising emissions and local pollution risks.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelters in 2026 to exploit supply disruptions linked to the Iran war, raising emissions and community risks nationwide.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is accelerating coal-powered aluminum smelter development in Indonesia during 2026 supply disruptions linked to the Iran war, raising concerns about emissions and bauxite depletion.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelters in 2020s response to Middle Eastern supply disruptions, despite emissions and resource concerns documented by CREA and environmental groups.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelting in 2026 to capitalize on Middle East supply disruptions, increasing climate and local pollution risks.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum production through 2030 to capitalize on Middle Eastern supply disruptions, despite emissions concerns and climate commitments.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum production through 2030 to capture higher prices caused by Middle Eastern supply disruptions, raising climate and air-pollution concerns across Indonesia.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelting by 2030 to capitalize on higher prices after Middle Eastern supply disruptions, raising concerns about emissions and coal dependence.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelters through 2030 to replace disrupted Middle Eastern supply, raising emissions and community health concerns across the country.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia is expanding coal-powered aluminum smelting in 2026 to exploit higher prices caused by Middle Eastern supply disruptions, raising emissions and community risks.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia launched a 2025 nickel decarbonization roadmap to reduce coal dependence and cut industry emissions by 81% by 2045.
8/13/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General
Indonesia in December 2025 halted Cirebon-1 coal closure under the Jet-P framework after slow disbursement and debt-heavy financing constrained power-sector transition funding.
6/1/2026 • Economy, Business & Innovation • General
Indonesia is building coal-powered aluminum smelters to expand production by 2030, responding to Middle Eastern supply disruptions while increasing concerns over industrial greenhouse gas emissions.
9/1/2026 • Clean Energy & Emissions • General