AI Sovereignty Without Full Self-Sufficiency
Coverage from Australian Institute of International Affairs, IPI Global Observatory, and others

Countries outside the United States and China are pursuing AI sovereignty amid concentrated dependence on foreign models, semiconductors, cloud infrastructure, data centers, and technical talent.
The dominant approach is not complete self-sufficiency, but selective domestic control, provider alternatives, regional cooperation, and stronger public-sector procurement and oversight capabilities. This shift links AI governance to infrastructure access, industrial policy, bargaining power, and military use while leaving many Global South countries constrained by limited compute and investment.
